Key terms

A process of strengthening the skills, knowledge, systems, and confidence of individuals, organisations, and communities to lead and sustain their own development. From a First Nations perspective, capacity building is not about “filling gaps” but about recognising and resourcing existing strengths, supporting self-determination, and enabling long-term independence rather than reliance.

An approach where initiatives are designed, guided, and governed by the community they are intended to benefit. In a First Nations context, this means recognising the authority of community, Elders, and cultural governance structures—ensuring that solutions are not imposed externally, but emerge from local knowledge, lived experience, and cultural practice.

The ability to understand, communicate, and effectively interact with people across cultures, particularly in the context of working with Indigenous communities. It involves being aware of one's own cultural worldview, developing positive attitudes towards cultural differences, and gaining knowledge of different cultural practices and worldviews.

The ability to maintain and practice culture, values, and identity without compromise, even when engaging in modern systems such as business or social enterprise. It ensures that economic or social outcomes are not achieved at the expense of cultural responsibility.

Refers to individuals or groups who are disadvantaged or excluded due to their cultural background, race, or ethnicity. This marginalisation can result in limited access to opportunities, resources, and social power within society.

An approach that adapts systems, programs, and engagement methods to align with the cultural values, protocols, and needs of First Nations peoples. It moves beyond inclusion to actively reshaping practice so it is appropriate and effective in context.

An environment where First Nations peoples feel respected, understood, and free from racism or harm, and where their cultural identities, knowledge systems, and ways of being are upheld. Cultural safety goes beyond awareness - it requires ongoing reflection, accountability, and power-sharing from individuals and organisations to ensure that systems and practices do not cause harm.

The process of dismantling colonial systems, structures, and ideologies that have oppressed and marginalised Indigenous peoples and cultures. It involves recognising and challenging the historical and ongoing impacts of colonialism, and working to restore the sovereignty, self-determination, and cultural integrity of colonised peoples.

The ability for First Nations peoples and communities to define, lead, and sustain their own economic futures in ways that align with cultural values, community priorities, and connection to Country. This includes control over decision-making, resources, and enterprise, ensuring economic activity strengthens culture, wellbeing, and long-term community outcomes.

The practice of organisations, businesses, and governments purchasing goods and services from Indigenous-owned businesses, as a means of supporting Indigenous economic development and self-determination.

A way of working that prioritises relationships, trust, and accountability over transactional or purely outcome-driven approaches. It acknowledges that meaningful outcomes - particularly in First Nations contexts - are built through connection, consistency, and respect over time.

The right of First Nations peoples to make decisions about their own lives, communities, and futures across social, cultural, political, and economic domains. It is a foundational principle underpinning all First Nations-led work and aligns with frameworks such as United Nations declarations on Indigenous rights.

A way of working that focuses on existing knowledge, capability, and resilience within individuals and communities. Rather than defining people by deficits, this approach builds from what is already strong and working, which is particularly important in First Nations contexts.

An organisation that aims to increase the participation of Indigenous businesses in the supply chains of Australian companies and government agencies. It certifies Indigenous businesses and maintains a directory of Indigenous suppliers.